330 research outputs found
Single Shot Reversible GAN for BCG artifact removal in simultaneous EEG-fMRI
Simultaneous EEG-fMRI acquisition and analysis technology has been widely
used in various research fields of brain science. However, how to remove the
ballistocardiogram (BCG) artifacts in this scenario remains a huge challenge.
Because it is impossible to obtain clean and BCG-contaminated EEG signals at
the same time, BCG artifact removal is a typical unpaired signal-to-signal
problem. To solve this problem, this paper proposed a new GAN training model -
Single Shot Reversible GAN (SSRGAN). The model is allowing bidirectional input
to better combine the characteristics of the two types of signals, instead of
using two independent models for bidirectional conversion as in the past.
Furthermore, the model is decomposed into multiple independent convolutional
blocks with specific functions. Through additional training of the blocks, the
local representation ability of the model is improved, thereby improving the
overall model performance. Experimental results show that, compared with
existing methods, the method proposed in this paper can remove BCG artifacts
more effectively and retain the useful EEG information.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures, 1 tabl
Synchronous Image-Label Diffusion Probability Model with Application to Stroke Lesion Segmentation on Non-contrast CT
Stroke lesion volume is a key radiologic measurement for assessing the
prognosis of Acute Ischemic Stroke (AIS) patients, which is challenging to be
automatically measured on Non-Contrast CT (NCCT) scans. Recent diffusion
probabilistic models have shown potentials of being used for image
segmentation. In this paper, a novel Synchronous image-label Diffusion
Probability Model (SDPM) is proposed for stroke lesion segmentation on NCCT
using Markov diffusion process. The proposed SDPM is fully based on a Latent
Variable Model (LVM), offering a complete probabilistic elaboration. An
additional net-stream, parallel with a noise prediction stream, is introduced
to obtain initial noisy label estimates for efficiently inferring the final
labels. By optimizing the specified variational boundaries, the trained model
can infer multiple label estimates for reference given the input images with
noises. The proposed model was assessed on three stroke lesion datasets
including one public and two private datasets. Compared to several U-net and
transformer-based segmentation methods, our proposed SDPM model is able to
achieve state-of-the-art performance. The code is publicly available
Increased Air Pollution Causing Cancers and Its Rapid Online Monitoring
Pollution of indoor and outdoor air has considerably been taken attention abroad as an important environmental problem, and there is sufficient evidence that exposure to outdoor air pollution causes lung cancer and other cancers. Therefore, the current situation of air pollution will be deeply discussed, and a portable environmental gas monitor integrated by a variety of highly sensitive sensors will be developed for rapidly monitoring air pollution, which is able to provide scientific data for environmental pollution control. By this way, human beings are able to be far away from cancer caused by environmental pollution and its suffering
Extracellular vesicles secreted by Echinococcus multilocularis:Important players inangiogenesis promotion
The involvement of Echinococcus multilocularis, and other parasitic helminths, in regulating host physiology is well recognized, but molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by helminths play important roles in regulating parasite-host interactions by transferring materials to the host. Analysis of protein cargo of EVs from E. multilocularis protoscoleces in the present study revealed a unique composition exclusively associated with vesicle biogenesis. Common proteins in various Echinococcus species were identified, including the classical EVs markers tetraspanins, TSG101 and Alix. Further, unique tegumental antigens were identified which could be exploited as Echinococcus EV markers. Parasite- and host-derived proteins within these EVs are predicted to support important roles in parasite-parasite and parasite-host communication. In addition, the enriched host-derived protein pay loads identified in parasite EVs in the present study suggested that they can beinvolved in focal adhesion and potentially promote angiogenesis. Further, increase dangiogenesis was observed in livers of mice infected with E. multilocularis and the expression of several angiogenesis-regulated molecules, including VEGF, MMP9,MCP-1, SDF-1 and serpin E1 were increased. Significantly, EVs released by the E.multilocularis protoscolex promoted proliferation and tube formation by humanumbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in vitro. Taken together, we present the first evidence that tapeworm-secreted EVs may promote angiogenesis in Echinococcus-infections, identifying central mechanisms of Echinococcus-host interaction
A Novel Candidate Gene Associated With Body Weight in the Pacific White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei
Improvements of growth traits are always the focus in selective breeding programs for the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (L. vannamei). Identification of growth-related genes or markers can contribute to the application of modern breeding technologies, and thus accelerate the genetic improvement of growth traits. The aim of this study was to identify the genes and molecular markers associated with the growth traits of L. vannamei. A population of 200 individuals was genotyped using 2b-RAD techniques for genome-wide linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis and genome-wide association study (GWAS). The results showed that the LD decayed fast in the studied population, which suggest that it is feasible to fine map the growth-related genes with GWAS in L. vannamei. One gene designated as LvSRC, encoding the class C scavenger receptor (SRC), was identified as a growth-related candidate gene by GWAS. Further targeted sequencing of the candidate gene in another population of 322 shrimps revealed that several non-synonymous mutations within LvSRC were significantly associated with the body weight (P < 0.01), and the most significant marker (SRC_24) located in the candidate gene could explain 13% of phenotypic variance. The current results provide not only molecular markers for genetic improvement in L. vannamei, but also new insights for understanding the growth regulation mechanism in penaeid shrimp
The Stationary Distribution of Competitive Lotka-Volterra Population Systems with Jumps
Dynamics of Lotka-Volterra population with jumps (LVWJ) have recently been established (see Bao et al., 2011, and Bao and Yuan, 2012). They provided some useful criteria on the existence of stationary distribution and some asymptotic properties for LVWJ. However, the uniqueness of stationary distribution for nā„2 and asymptotic pathwise estimation limtā+āā”(1/t)ā«0tā|X(s)|pdsā(p>0) are still unknown for LVWJ. One of our aims in this paper is to show the uniqueness of stationary distribution and asymptotic pathwise estimation for LVWJ. Moreover, some characterizations for stationary distribution are provided
Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profiles of Myosin Genes in the Pacific White Shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei
As the main structural protein of muscle fiber, myosin is essential for multiple cellular processes or functions, especially for muscle composition and development. Although the shrimp possess a well-developed muscular system, the knowledge about the myosin family in shrimp is far from understood. In this study, we performed comprehensive analysis on the myosin genes in the genome of the Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. A total of 29 myosin genes were identified, which were classified into 14 subfamilies. Among them, Myo2 subfamily was significantly expanded in the penaeid shrimp genome. Most of the Myo2 subfamily genes were primarily expressed in abdominal muscle, which suggested that Myo2 subfamily genes might be responsible for the well-developed muscular system of the penaeid shrimp. In situ hybridization detection showed that the slow-type muscle myosin gene was mainly localized in pleopod muscle and superficial ventral muscle of the shrimp. This study provides valuable insights into the evolutionary and functional characterization of myosin genes in shrimps, which provides clues for us to understand the well-developed muscular system of shrimp
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